Lower legform simulation model development has been performed by means of mechanical characterisation of the different materials for each impactor part (steel knee ligaments, damper, CF45 foam, ...). Static and dynamic calibration tests accordingly to EEVC specifications were conducted and finally several tests under controlled conditions were done in order to validate the simulation model.
Biomechanical parameters of knee angle and knee shear displacement are fitted basically with modifications on the bumper geometry, while tibia acceleration is controlled with the modification of materials in the different vehicle front parts, specially with the inclusion of foams or any kind of energy absorbing devices. For this optimisation, simulation reveals as a powerful tool that allows to study a great number of configurations in order to get an optimal bumper performance.