Case 1.1 : Telecommunication terminal equipment

Telecommunication equipment are regulated by the following directives:

• Directive 91/263/EEC which applies to telecommunications terminal equipment (TTE);
• Directive 93/97/EEC which applies to satellite earth stations equipment (SES).

For apparatus covered by these Directives, the provisions related to electromagnetic compatibility phenomena laid down by three Directives 80/336/EEC, 91.263/EEC, 93/97/EEC have to be observed on a complementary basis

Electromagnetic compatibility protection requirements to be observed for apparatus covered by Directives 91/263/EEC or 93/93/97/EEC, insofar as they are not specific to such equipment, are those laid down by the Directive 89/336/EEC.

That implies that for all non specific electromagnetic phenomena the conformity assessment procedures of Articles 10.1 or 10.2 of Directive 89/336/EEC apply to equipment covered by Directive 91/263/EEC and 93/97/EEC; this includes radio telecommunication terminal equipment.

Mobile telecommunication apparatus which, even if capable of being used in a vehicle, is by definition not intended for fitting (installation) therein, must comply with Directive 89/336/EEC and the TTE Directive, and they are not covered by the motor vehicle Directive 95/54/EC.

Case 1.2 : Radio-communications equipment

• Radio communication transmitters not covered by TTE Directive 91/263/EEC nor by SES Directive 93/97/EEC are subject to the conformity assessment procedure laid down by Article 10.5 of EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.
• Radio communication receivers are subject to the conformity assessment procedures laid down in Articles 10.1 and 10.2 od Directive 89/336/EEC.

For the two types of equipment mentioned above, the directive, the directive does not apply to the normal operating frequency bands. They are outside the scope of the Directive.

Case 1.2.1 : Emissions outside the required bandwidth

In every type of radio transmission (emission) there is a band of frequencies occupied that constitute transmission (emission) and which is due to the modulation process used. The content of the emission and the bandwidth occupied is dependent on the the technique and form of modulation process used, which may be analogue or digital in content.

This occupied band of frequencies is basically made up of two parts, which form what is known as the transmitter mask. The two parts which make up this mask are defined as follows :

'Necessary Bandwidth': for a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at a rate and with the quality required under specified conditions; and

'Out-of-band Emissions': emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions.

The transmitter mask defined above is an element used in the planning and allocation of frequency bands for all radio services. It is important to note that although "out of band" emissions contain the unwanted emissions due to the modulation process it is part of the transmitter mask and is taken into account in the planning of the frequency band.

In consequence, 'out of band' emissions if used when planning and allocating frequency band for radio services and needed in the management of the radio spectrum are not subject to the directive.

In every modulation additional undesired signals exist. They are summarised under the expression 'spurious emissions' , as defined in Article 1 No 139 of the Radio regulations :

'Spurious Emission' : emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information. Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and frequency conversion products, but exclude out of band emissions.

Spurious emissions are subject to the EMC Directive.