A number of ideal test procedures have been developed in order to estimate the driving behaviour of vehicles.
The table shows the various test procedures which are normally undertaken. The tests are classified into four basic driving manoevres, which are further classified as shown.
Test procedures which provide information on the behavior of the "control system vehicle" within the closed driver-vehicle loop are referred to as "closed-loop" driving maneuvers (e.g. lane-changing test). The evaluation decisively depends on the adaptation of the "control system vehicle" to the abilities of the driver-controller.
In contrast, those test procedures where changes in the controlled-variable are specified in advance in the form of time functions (e.g. sudden steering-angle change), i.e. where the motion of the vehicle has no effect on the driver's actions, are referred to as open-loop driving maneuvers. These test procedures, above all, provide insights into the stability behavior of the control system vehicle and the system's susceptibility to external disturbances (e.g. crosswind).
Closed loop maneouvres → Still lack universally standardised quantifiable criteria
→ Not suitable for simulations
→ Analysis based on subjective evaluation of experts