In addition to rigid or slightly elastic pavements such as asphalt or concrete that do not permanently deform as a result of a wheel rolling under a regular load, there are roads on which the rolling process of the loaded wheel produces a plastic deformation in the form of a visible trace, e.g. soil, sand, grass, or snow. These plastically deforming roads in contrast to firm bases, cause an additional wheel resistance force FR plast which essentially consists of three partial resistances as shown above.