→Reduction of the clamping forces in the piston rod guide, which adversely influence spring response, is also achieved by the inclination of the body springs relative to the damper tube in the vehicle transverse plane.
→Clamping force is minimized by the alignment of the line of action of the spring force with the point of intersection of the line of action of the vertical force at the tire contact center and the line of action of the force at the transverse link.
→Spring mounted on top so as to mount damper body as close to wheel as possible. This way a desired king-pin inclination may be achieved.