c) Master Cylinder
The Master Cylinder forms the central constructional element of the hydraulic braking circuit. It converts a mechanical operating force which is directly applied by the pedal or supported by a booster, into a hydraulic service pressure and simultaneously distributes it into two braking circuits.
Two basic concepts are used in vehicle engineering:
Tandem Master Cylinder
Stepped Master Cylinder
The table shows the principal design and comparison of both master cylinder concepts.