Waste Management and Pollution Control

Fixed Box Models

Fixed Box Models

◄ Air Pollution Models

Jump to... Jump to... Introduction A History of Waste Some Historical Dates Types of Waste The Implications of Waste Waste Disposal Control and Management Defining Waste Annex 1 Categories Refining the Definition of Waste Waste Classification Figure 3: Government Classification of Waste Table 1: Descriptions of Waste Waste Organisation and Planning After the Environmental Protection Acts 1990 and 1995 Figure 4: Waste Control Organisations Figure 5: Key Players in Planning The Future of Waste Management The Government Waste Strategy The Waste Management Hierarchy The Development of a Waste Management System Life Cycle Analysis An Integrated Waste Management System External Legislation Effects Introduction Waste Minimisation and the Consumer The Cost of Waste Waste Minimisation: The Systematic Reduction of Waste at Source Waste Management Programmes The Essential Ingredients Step 1: Gain Support Step 2: Gather Information An Example of Information Gathering Inputs and Outputs Step 3: Decide Scope and Priorities Step 4: Implement Step 5: Measure Performance Step 6: Develop Progress Review System Focus on the Process The Site Review Process Detail Task 4 Data Analysis: Mass Balance Illustrations of the Method The True Cost of Waste Estimating True Cost of Waste Task 6 Opportunity Checklist Waste Reduction Prompts Objectives Introduction Dispersion of Air Pollutants Adiabatic Lapse Rate Atmospheric Stability Deviations from Predicted Rate Temperature Inversions Radiation Inversions Subsidence Inversions Smokestack Plumes Smokestack Plumes (a) Coning Dispersion Smokestack Plumes (b) Looping Plume Smokestack Plumes (c) Fanning Plume Smokestack Plumes (d) Fumigation Smokestack Plumes (e) Lofting Less Commonly Described Plume Phenomena Conclusion Objectives Maximum Mixing Depth The Ventilation Coefficient Estimation of p Worked Example Further Study on Adiabatics Air Pollution Models Problems of Over Simplification Introduction to Section 2 The Solitary Stack Diffusion Based Plume Models as Box Models A Rough and Ready Model Plume Rise Briggs Fundamental Model Application of the Gaussian Plume Model The Basic Gaussian Plume Model Limitations The Dispersion Coeficients for Flat Open Terrain Alternative Methods for Determining Dispersion Coefficients Introduction: Approaches to Air Pollution Control Pollution Abatement Through Process Control End of Pipe Solutions Principles of Abatement Technology The Importance of Henry's Law Unit Operations Used in Air Pollution Abatement Technology Removal of Particulate Pollutants Settling Chambers Cyclones (1) Cyclones (2) Cyclone Efficiency Electrostatic Precipitators (1) Electrostatic Precipitators (2) Calculations Involving ESPs An Example For You To Try Fabric Filters Collection via Impaction The Filter Cake Bag Cleaning Techniques Task 5 Wet Scrubbers Low Pressure Drop Systems (ctd.) Particle Collection by Impingement Impingement Plate Scrubber High Pressure Drop Systems: Venturi Scrubbers Why Use Venturi Scrubbers? Liquid Scrubbing of Vapour Phase Pollutants Based on Chemical Reactions The Manchester Process (1944-56) Processes Based On Quinones Disposal and Treatment of Stretford Liquid Effluents The Claus Process for Sulphur Recovery Task 6 Solid Phase Absorption Thermal Processes Best Practicable Environmental Option Further Reading

Problems of Over Simplification ►